When Carl-Benz made the world's first car more than 130 years ago, it may be difficult to imagine the dramatic changes that have taken place in the automotive industry more than a century later. Over the past 100 years, technological innovations in the automotive industry have emerged in an endless stream, and manufacturing and manufacturing technologies are constantly changing and innovating. From the manual assembly of the Carl-Benz era to today's fully automated production line, it has turned upside down. As a great invention of the twentieth century, laser has a epoch-making significance in automotive manufacturing. This advanced processing technology has penetrated into all aspects of automotive manufacturing, from welding, cutting, drilling, marking, and heat treatment. Forming, even in the field of micromachining of electronic systems. Today, I will listen to Xiaobian to introduce some representative processing techniques of laser on the car.
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Laser welding
Laser welding has become one of the important means in automobile manufacturing because of its high energy density, small deformation, narrow heat affected zone, high welding speed, easy automatic control and no follow-up processing. There are hundreds of thousands of parts in the body and chassis of a car. How to connect them together has a direct impact on the rigidity of the whole body. Laser welding can almost all metal materials of different thicknesses, grades, types and grades. Together, it increases productivity and quality while increasing the flexibility of automotive design and material selection.
Laser welding can replace casting parts with more stamping parts in automobile manufacturing, and replace the scattered spot welds with continuous laser welding seams, which can reduce the overlap width and some reinforcing parts, reduce the volume of the body structure itself, and thus reduce The weight of the body meets the requirements of energy saving and emission reduction of automobiles. The use of laser welding can also improve the assembly accuracy of the body and increase the rigidity of the body by more than 30%, thereby improving the safety of the body. In addition, the use of laser welding can also reduce the stamping and assembly costs in the car body manufacturing process, shorten the production cycle, reduce the number of parts, and improve the integration of the body.
For example, as the leader of China's laser equipment, the “Car Body Cover Laser Welding Flexible Production Line†developed by Huali Laser's sub-brand Felly is the first automotive white body laser welding equipment in China. It has been successfully applied to many cars. The welding production line has a welding speed of 4.8m/min, which is 30% faster than the same type of equipment in the world, greatly improving production efficiency.
Another well-known laser equipment manufacturer - Tiantian Miyaji's latest YAG laser welding machine ML-C200A/300A model uses 32 kinds of welding conditions and waveform control, can cope with various workpieces through high-speed repetitive laser output, up to 500PPS (300W ), high-speed seam welding is possible, and welding conditions can be switched instantaneously to achieve high-speed, high-quality welding.
laser cutting
Laser cutting is one of the most commonly used laser processing methods. Laser cutting types are divided into four types: laser vaporization cutting, laser melting cutting, laser oxygen cutting, laser scribing and controlled fracture. Compared with the traditional processing methods, laser cutting has higher cutting quality - narrow slit width, small heat affected zone, smooth cut, fast cutting speed, strong flexibility - free cutting of any shape, wide material adaptability and so on.
Three-dimensional laser cutting machines are often required for the trimming of automotive large-size covers. In addition, the current automobile manufacturing platform is getting more and more fierce, and the flexibility of the production line is put forward. The three-dimensional laser cutting only needs to adapt the laser processing program after the model number is changed, and the tooling is simple and the construction period is greatly shortened, compared with the mold manufacturing. The cost has dropped dramatically. In addition, the application of high-strength steel in automobiles is increasing. After the hot-forming, the stamping process is no longer suitable, and the contour and the cutting of the holes promote the demand for laser cutting.
Trump, a leading global manufacturer of sheet metal processing machines, has been a leader in thermoforming high-strength steel processing, such as the Trulaser Cell 8030 3D cutting machine, which is specially developed for the rapid cutting of high-strength steel components in the automotive industry, combined with state-of-the-art discs. Laser technology (TruDisk series) has played such a role.
When it comes to sheet metal processing, it has to mention the leading domestic sheet metal processing company, Dazu Laser. Since the company launched the first high-power fiber laser cutting machine in China in 2009, it has installed and operated more than 2,000 units worldwide. Occupy more than 80% of the domestic market. Taking the G3015F fiber laser cutting machine as an example, the product has powerful cutting capability, "flying" cutting speed, extremely low running cost, excellent stability, high quality processing and strong adaptability.
Laser Marking
In the production of automobiles and parts, the establishment of identity is the basis for quality traceability and recall. It is very important to establish the uniqueness of the identity of cars and parts by marking. Automotive marking has become more widely used with its high efficiency and adaptability and permanence. Laser marking is a marking method that uses a high-energy-density laser to locally illuminate a workpiece, causing a chemical reaction of the surface material to vaporize or undergo a color change, thereby leaving a permanent mark. Laser marking is characterized by non-contact machining, which can be marked on any profiled surface without distortion and internal stress. Modern automotive parts use a variety of materials, including metals, plastics, glass, ceramics, wood and leather, and lasers can be used to mark the surface of all these materials perfectly.
The CT-MF 10/20 fiber laser marking machine produced by Chutian Laser, a well-known laser marking machine manufacturer, uses a fiber laser to output the laser, and then achieves the standard function through the high-speed scanning galvanometer system. The optical fiber laser marking electromechanical light conversion efficiency is high, and the air cooling method is used for cooling, the whole machine is small in size, the output beam quality is good, and the reliability is high. The device can engrave metal materials and some non-metal materials, and is mainly used in fields with high requirements on depth, smoothness and fineness.
For example, Shenzhen TANDBERG Laser's 3D laser marking system DPF-3M20, DPF-3M30 and DPF-3M40 series can be used for laser marking of various metal or non-metal products of 3D curved surface. The system has three or more heads. It can effectively reduce the number of clamping times, improve the processing accuracy and yield, and the dual robot system can also improve the processing efficiency.
Of course, the application of laser technology in automobiles is not limited to this. It also involves drilling, heat treatment, surface coating, glazing, forming, remelting, model making and micromachining. each field. The "LASER World of PHOTONICS CHINA" will be held at the Shanghai New International Expo Center on March 15-17, 2016. It is Asia's largest laser, optics and optoelectronics industry event, which will bring together lasers. Road heroes, focusing on their products and solutions in laser technology.
Over the past 130 years, the social role of cars has also undergone tremendous changes. Today, cars are more than just simple means of transportation. They are deeply integrated into people's lives and work. At the same time, with the rising car ownership and the continuous deterioration of the environmental and energy crisis, the automotive industry is also facing more and more challenges. The market has put forward more environmental protection, safety and comfort. High requirements. Compared with traditional processing technology, laser processing technology has injected more vitality into automobile manufacturing. In the automotive industry, these challenges are faced, and the pursuit of sustainability continues to push forward.
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