Following the 2010 government work report, "Strengthening Smart Grid Construction" was once again written in the 2011 government work report and included in the National Twelfth Five-Year Plan for National Economic and Social Development. This shows that the smart grid has been promoted as a national strategy. In order to promote the healthy and rapid development of the smart grid, the state should adopt flexible supporting policies as the smart grid construction progresses, and form a policy system that promotes the development of smart grids in China from the perspectives of strategy, economy, fiscal revenue, and financial markets.
Policy analysis at the strategic industry level 1. Enhancing the smart grid as a national strategy.
The development of a smart grid is a systematic project that covers many areas, involves many departments, and involves many industries. It requires cooperation and collaboration among grid companies, power generation companies, equipment manufacturers, research institutes, and power users.
It is proposed to give full play to China’s advantages in the national system, highlight the leading role of the government, establish an effective cross-industry communication platform and cooperation mechanism, and jointly promote the rapid development of smart grids. It is suggested that the government strengthen organizational leadership, study and formulate major initiatives to promote the construction of strong smart grids from the national strategic perspective, give full play to the advantages of production, research, and research, and the main role of grid companies, and coordinate the development of a strong smart grid to serve the economic development model. Transformation and sustainable and healthy economic and social development.
2. Promote the coordinated development of smart grid construction and new energy development and utilization.
Establishing a reasonable interest guidance mechanism and realizing the win-win development of stakeholders are the key to achieving the coordinated development of the smart grid and new energy development and utilization.
The development of renewable energy requires the support of the state, especially the development of wind power and solar power. As the new energy sources, such as wind power, grow from small to large and from weak to strong, the existing limitations of simply supporting new energy power generation policies gradually emerge, and more comprehensive supporting policies are needed. In the future, a large number of intermittent renewable energy sources such as wind power will be connected to the power grid, which will bring more prominent peaking and frequency regulation problems to the operation of the system. A large number of coal-fired power, hydropower, gas-fired units, etc. may provide auxiliary services for the system. Many auxiliary service contents may cause adverse effects such as increased energy consumption, shortened lifespan, and reduced reliability of the unit. In order to reduce these impacts, it is necessary to provide scientific and reasonable economic compensation to auxiliary service providers and power grid companies.
Economic level policy analysis 1. Establish a scientific and perfect smart grid investment income assessment system.
As an important energy delivery and deployment platform in China, the entire process of the strong smart grid from investment construction to production and operation will bring tremendous benefits to the national economy, energy production and utilization methods, and the environment. Smart grid construction requires a large amount of capital and technology. It has a wide construction and long cycle. Its investment income is reflected in long-term benefits and social benefits. At the same time, there are certain uncertainties. Therefore, it is urgent to establish a scientific and perfect smart grid investment. The income evaluation system provides decision support for policy formulation and smart grid planning and construction.
2. Promote the reform of electricity pricing mechanism.
Electricity price policy is an objective requirement for the development of smart grids. The functions of the smart grid, such as cutting peaks and filling valleys on the electricity side, and reducing the electricity bills of users, have largely relied on electricity pricing policies. The adoption of a real-time electricity pricing mechanism based on real-time energy value will be necessary for development.
The characteristics of automation, interaction, and informationization of smart grids make smart grid an important platform for electricity price reform. The government departments should take this as an opportunity to further clarify the overall thinking of China's electricity price reform, establish a standardized, clear top price pricing mechanism, and gradually cancel the government's intervention in the on-grid tariff, and push forward the gradual and gradual advancement of peaks and valleys under the influence of market supply and demand. Time-shared electricity prices, when conditions are ripe, gradually realize real-time electricity prices; improve the tariff approval system, and establish a standardized, efficient and transparent electricity price supervision system.
Tax-level policy analysis 1. Division of authority between the central and local governments.
The smart grid is a quasi-public product that is covered nationwide. Therefore, investment in smart grids should be based primarily on national investments. National investment specifically includes the investment of state-owned power grid companies and the investment of the state's finances. In order to promote the faster and better development of China's smart grid, the author suggests that the central government should increase financial support. The specific approach may be to allocate a certain amount of funds from the central infrastructure investment for the replacement of user-side smart meters, procurement of relevant smart devices, and the construction of related supporting infrastructure such as electric vehicle charging and switching stations. The direct investment of smart grid entities should be undertaken by the central level.
At the same time, the development of smart grids also plays an extremely important role in the local economy and society. Local governments can invest in key areas. Specifically, local governments in developed provinces in the eastern region should allocate special funds for the construction of basic disciplines related to smart grids and personnel training, and promote the integration of smart grid production, learning and research.
2. Increase financial investment.
The construction of smart grid requires a lot of funds and technology, and there are certain uncertainties. In the early stages of its development, the government needs to increase fiscal expenditures, optimize tax relief policies and investment and financing policies.
It is recommended that the state formulate and improve the smart grid-related fiscal and tax support policies. Incentives such as tax incentives and financial support are provided in key technologies for smart grid research and development, pilot demonstration projects for major projects, industrial development and new technologies. The Bank introduced a series of targeted fiscal and taxation policies to support the development of electric vehicles, development of the battery industry, and the construction and operation of power station infrastructure.
3. Improve investment methods.
While increasing financial input at all levels, it should also actively study ways to improve financial investment and improve the efficiency of the use of fiscal funds.
First, it is proposed to establish a smart grid industry development fund. The finance department can arrange special funds for the establishment of a smart grid industry development fund to promote the development of the smart grid industry. The focus of the fund's support will be on smart grid companies' independent innovation, scientific and technological breakthroughs, transformation of scientific and technological achievements, integration of the two industries, as well as the cooperation of industry-university-research institutes, industrial innovation platforms, and public service platforms.
The second is to adopt the "in exchange for awards" input method. In order to further enhance the scientific and technological innovation capability of China's smart grid, promote the construction of an innovation system, reform the funding methods of fiscal funds, and better leverage the financial resources, the incentives for innovative entities can be “substitute for awardsâ€. Specifically, government guidance, financial support, technical services and other methods are adopted to promote the participation of enterprises and private capital in independent innovation, scientific and technological research, and transformation of scientific and technological achievements.
4. Improve tax policy support.
In order to promote the development of smart grids to scale, industrialization, and intensive, the central and local governments should further optimize the taxation service environment, actively implement preferential taxation policies, and enlarge and strengthen the smart grid industry.
At present, China has given preferential policies to enterprises that are engaged in smart grid-related equipment manufacturing and consulting services as high-tech enterprises, and preferentially provides corporate income tax incentives to industries and projects that focus on supporting and encouraging development; and charging and replacement of electric vehicles. The new smart grid business, such as power fiber-to-the-home value-added services, will provide comprehensive preferential tax policies, including VAT rebates and income tax deductions.
Financial market level policy analysis Under the current financial structure of China, through financial system innovation, scientific and technological innovation for smart grid related companies to create a sound financing channel, and to provide financial instruments and financial institutional arrangements for avoiding and resolving innovation risks, is our country The government is responsible for the development of smart grids.
1. Establish a multi-level capital market and expand direct financing channels.
First, establish and improve a multi-level stock market system to provide direct financing channels for smart grid-related companies. On the basis of a strong main board market, we will continue to expand the SME board market, further improve the GEM market, and promote related companies of different sizes to be listed and financed.
Second, establish a property rights trading information sharing platform, and improve the relevant laws and regulations on property rights trading, and at the same time, innovate property rights trading varieties and trading systems, so as to achieve the purpose of developing regional property rights trading market, and for a large number of smart grids that temporarily fail to reach the market threshold. SMEs provide financing arrangements.
Third, actively research various medium-term bills, short vouchers, corporate bonds, trust plans, and other bond financing methods suitable for small and medium-sized SMEs to provide financial support for smart grid construction.
Fourth, build a complete industrial chain of venture capital, study limited partnerships, set up investment guidance funds, venture capital venture subsidies and cultivate angel investors, and build smart grid industrial base (industrial park) into angel investment and venture capital And the active area for the development of equity investment funds.
2. Build a multi-level banking system and optimize indirect financing services.
The construction of a multi-tiered banking system that is compatible with the scale structure and ownership of related companies is also an effective way to ease capital pressure and reduce borrowing costs and risks.
To this end, first, the “green channel†policy of commercial banks, for smart grid projects and projects that the country explicitly supports and encourages, commercial banks should open up “green channels†for credit services. Second, establish a sound government-subsidized credit guarantee system and commercial guarantee system to provide guarantees for smart grid-related financing.
3. Broaden the policy-based financial system to address market failures in smart grid financing.
Under the current arrangement of China's financial system, a single market adjustment cannot achieve the optimal allocation of credit funds, and the intervention of policy finance is an effective means to resolve the “market failureâ€. It is necessary to guide China's policy banks to provide loan support for smart grid-related scientific and technological achievements conversion projects and the introduction of digested and absorbed projects, and provide financing services for the import of core technologies and key equipment required for these enterprises in the R&D and production process.
In order to mitigate the damages to the interests of investors and the enthusiasm for investment caused by the large losses that may occur in the early operation of the smart grid, it is recommended that the central government and local governments at all levels further increase financial expenditures and subsidies to support smart grid-related technological innovations and electricity. infrastructure. Especially for smart grid companies in the initial stage of construction, they should adopt direct subsidies to provide necessary financial support for their development.
In terms of investment and financing, it is necessary to actively promote the establishment of a diversified investment and financing system and effectively implement financial policies that support the development of smart grids. It is recommended that the state formulate relevant financial policies, encourage financial institutions to increase financial support for enterprises related to smart grids, encourage financial institutions to develop financing methods and supporting financial services suitable for the development of smart grids, and improve the efficiency and quality of financial services.
Policy analysis at the strategic industry level 1. Enhancing the smart grid as a national strategy.
The development of a smart grid is a systematic project that covers many areas, involves many departments, and involves many industries. It requires cooperation and collaboration among grid companies, power generation companies, equipment manufacturers, research institutes, and power users.
It is proposed to give full play to China’s advantages in the national system, highlight the leading role of the government, establish an effective cross-industry communication platform and cooperation mechanism, and jointly promote the rapid development of smart grids. It is suggested that the government strengthen organizational leadership, study and formulate major initiatives to promote the construction of strong smart grids from the national strategic perspective, give full play to the advantages of production, research, and research, and the main role of grid companies, and coordinate the development of a strong smart grid to serve the economic development model. Transformation and sustainable and healthy economic and social development.
2. Promote the coordinated development of smart grid construction and new energy development and utilization.
Establishing a reasonable interest guidance mechanism and realizing the win-win development of stakeholders are the key to achieving the coordinated development of the smart grid and new energy development and utilization.
The development of renewable energy requires the support of the state, especially the development of wind power and solar power. As the new energy sources, such as wind power, grow from small to large and from weak to strong, the existing limitations of simply supporting new energy power generation policies gradually emerge, and more comprehensive supporting policies are needed. In the future, a large number of intermittent renewable energy sources such as wind power will be connected to the power grid, which will bring more prominent peaking and frequency regulation problems to the operation of the system. A large number of coal-fired power, hydropower, gas-fired units, etc. may provide auxiliary services for the system. Many auxiliary service contents may cause adverse effects such as increased energy consumption, shortened lifespan, and reduced reliability of the unit. In order to reduce these impacts, it is necessary to provide scientific and reasonable economic compensation to auxiliary service providers and power grid companies.
Economic level policy analysis 1. Establish a scientific and perfect smart grid investment income assessment system.
As an important energy delivery and deployment platform in China, the entire process of the strong smart grid from investment construction to production and operation will bring tremendous benefits to the national economy, energy production and utilization methods, and the environment. Smart grid construction requires a large amount of capital and technology. It has a wide construction and long cycle. Its investment income is reflected in long-term benefits and social benefits. At the same time, there are certain uncertainties. Therefore, it is urgent to establish a scientific and perfect smart grid investment. The income evaluation system provides decision support for policy formulation and smart grid planning and construction.
2. Promote the reform of electricity pricing mechanism.
Electricity price policy is an objective requirement for the development of smart grids. The functions of the smart grid, such as cutting peaks and filling valleys on the electricity side, and reducing the electricity bills of users, have largely relied on electricity pricing policies. The adoption of a real-time electricity pricing mechanism based on real-time energy value will be necessary for development.
The characteristics of automation, interaction, and informationization of smart grids make smart grid an important platform for electricity price reform. The government departments should take this as an opportunity to further clarify the overall thinking of China's electricity price reform, establish a standardized, clear top price pricing mechanism, and gradually cancel the government's intervention in the on-grid tariff, and push forward the gradual and gradual advancement of peaks and valleys under the influence of market supply and demand. Time-shared electricity prices, when conditions are ripe, gradually realize real-time electricity prices; improve the tariff approval system, and establish a standardized, efficient and transparent electricity price supervision system.
Tax-level policy analysis 1. Division of authority between the central and local governments.
The smart grid is a quasi-public product that is covered nationwide. Therefore, investment in smart grids should be based primarily on national investments. National investment specifically includes the investment of state-owned power grid companies and the investment of the state's finances. In order to promote the faster and better development of China's smart grid, the author suggests that the central government should increase financial support. The specific approach may be to allocate a certain amount of funds from the central infrastructure investment for the replacement of user-side smart meters, procurement of relevant smart devices, and the construction of related supporting infrastructure such as electric vehicle charging and switching stations. The direct investment of smart grid entities should be undertaken by the central level.
At the same time, the development of smart grids also plays an extremely important role in the local economy and society. Local governments can invest in key areas. Specifically, local governments in developed provinces in the eastern region should allocate special funds for the construction of basic disciplines related to smart grids and personnel training, and promote the integration of smart grid production, learning and research.
2. Increase financial investment.
The construction of smart grid requires a lot of funds and technology, and there are certain uncertainties. In the early stages of its development, the government needs to increase fiscal expenditures, optimize tax relief policies and investment and financing policies.
It is recommended that the state formulate and improve the smart grid-related fiscal and tax support policies. Incentives such as tax incentives and financial support are provided in key technologies for smart grid research and development, pilot demonstration projects for major projects, industrial development and new technologies. The Bank introduced a series of targeted fiscal and taxation policies to support the development of electric vehicles, development of the battery industry, and the construction and operation of power station infrastructure.
3. Improve investment methods.
While increasing financial input at all levels, it should also actively study ways to improve financial investment and improve the efficiency of the use of fiscal funds.
First, it is proposed to establish a smart grid industry development fund. The finance department can arrange special funds for the establishment of a smart grid industry development fund to promote the development of the smart grid industry. The focus of the fund's support will be on smart grid companies' independent innovation, scientific and technological breakthroughs, transformation of scientific and technological achievements, integration of the two industries, as well as the cooperation of industry-university-research institutes, industrial innovation platforms, and public service platforms.
The second is to adopt the "in exchange for awards" input method. In order to further enhance the scientific and technological innovation capability of China's smart grid, promote the construction of an innovation system, reform the funding methods of fiscal funds, and better leverage the financial resources, the incentives for innovative entities can be “substitute for awardsâ€. Specifically, government guidance, financial support, technical services and other methods are adopted to promote the participation of enterprises and private capital in independent innovation, scientific and technological research, and transformation of scientific and technological achievements.
4. Improve tax policy support.
In order to promote the development of smart grids to scale, industrialization, and intensive, the central and local governments should further optimize the taxation service environment, actively implement preferential taxation policies, and enlarge and strengthen the smart grid industry.
At present, China has given preferential policies to enterprises that are engaged in smart grid-related equipment manufacturing and consulting services as high-tech enterprises, and preferentially provides corporate income tax incentives to industries and projects that focus on supporting and encouraging development; and charging and replacement of electric vehicles. The new smart grid business, such as power fiber-to-the-home value-added services, will provide comprehensive preferential tax policies, including VAT rebates and income tax deductions.
Financial market level policy analysis Under the current financial structure of China, through financial system innovation, scientific and technological innovation for smart grid related companies to create a sound financing channel, and to provide financial instruments and financial institutional arrangements for avoiding and resolving innovation risks, is our country The government is responsible for the development of smart grids.
1. Establish a multi-level capital market and expand direct financing channels.
First, establish and improve a multi-level stock market system to provide direct financing channels for smart grid-related companies. On the basis of a strong main board market, we will continue to expand the SME board market, further improve the GEM market, and promote related companies of different sizes to be listed and financed.
Second, establish a property rights trading information sharing platform, and improve the relevant laws and regulations on property rights trading, and at the same time, innovate property rights trading varieties and trading systems, so as to achieve the purpose of developing regional property rights trading market, and for a large number of smart grids that temporarily fail to reach the market threshold. SMEs provide financing arrangements.
Third, actively research various medium-term bills, short vouchers, corporate bonds, trust plans, and other bond financing methods suitable for small and medium-sized SMEs to provide financial support for smart grid construction.
Fourth, build a complete industrial chain of venture capital, study limited partnerships, set up investment guidance funds, venture capital venture subsidies and cultivate angel investors, and build smart grid industrial base (industrial park) into angel investment and venture capital And the active area for the development of equity investment funds.
2. Build a multi-level banking system and optimize indirect financing services.
The construction of a multi-tiered banking system that is compatible with the scale structure and ownership of related companies is also an effective way to ease capital pressure and reduce borrowing costs and risks.
To this end, first, the “green channel†policy of commercial banks, for smart grid projects and projects that the country explicitly supports and encourages, commercial banks should open up “green channels†for credit services. Second, establish a sound government-subsidized credit guarantee system and commercial guarantee system to provide guarantees for smart grid-related financing.
3. Broaden the policy-based financial system to address market failures in smart grid financing.
Under the current arrangement of China's financial system, a single market adjustment cannot achieve the optimal allocation of credit funds, and the intervention of policy finance is an effective means to resolve the “market failureâ€. It is necessary to guide China's policy banks to provide loan support for smart grid-related scientific and technological achievements conversion projects and the introduction of digested and absorbed projects, and provide financing services for the import of core technologies and key equipment required for these enterprises in the R&D and production process.
In order to mitigate the damages to the interests of investors and the enthusiasm for investment caused by the large losses that may occur in the early operation of the smart grid, it is recommended that the central government and local governments at all levels further increase financial expenditures and subsidies to support smart grid-related technological innovations and electricity. infrastructure. Especially for smart grid companies in the initial stage of construction, they should adopt direct subsidies to provide necessary financial support for their development.
In terms of investment and financing, it is necessary to actively promote the establishment of a diversified investment and financing system and effectively implement financial policies that support the development of smart grids. It is recommended that the state formulate relevant financial policies, encourage financial institutions to increase financial support for enterprises related to smart grids, encourage financial institutions to develop financing methods and supporting financial services suitable for the development of smart grids, and improve the efficiency and quality of financial services.
Electric Heating Element,Electric Industrial Heater,Coil Heating Element
Jiangsu Shazi Electric Equipment Co., Ltd. , http://www.cnhotpoint.com